Communications
Nigeria's communications sector presents a vivid picture of technological advancement juxtaposed with infrastructural challenges. As of 2021, the country boasts a staggering 195.13 million mobile cellular subscriptions, equivalent to 91 per 100 inhabitants. This figure places Nigeria 8th globally in total mobile subscriptions, underscoring the widespread adoption of mobile technology. In stark contrast, fixed-line telephony remains scarce, with less than 1 per 100 inhabitants, totaling only 106,385 subscriptions.
Telecommunication Systems
Mobile Dominance
The preference for mobile connections is evident, with high competition among providers and affordable rates. The widespread use of GSM technology, alongside available LTE services, is further amplified by the common practice of using multiple SIM cards per individual.
Broadband Expansion
The government is actively pursuing initiatives for broadband expansion, including the deployment of fiber optic cables and investments in base stations to alleviate network congestion.
5G Development
Nigeria conducted its first 5G spectrum auction in 2021. Licenses have been granted, but the infrastructure is still in the developmental phase.
International Connectivity
Submarine Cables
Nigeria is connected to the rest of the world through several major submarine cables, including SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, Glo-1 & 2, ACE, and Equiano, linking to Europe, South, and West Africa.
Satellites
The country operates 3 Intelsat satellite earth stations for additional global connectivity.
Broadcast Media
Television
Nearly 70 federal and regional TV stations exist, with all 36 states operating their own TV stations. Private TV and subscription-based cable/satellite services further enrich the broadcasting landscape.
Radio
The radio network comprises federal, regional, and state networks, including about 40 state-owned and 20 private radio stations. Access to international broadcasters is also available.
Internet
Usage
Nigeria's internet user base is significant, with 115.5 million users as of 2021, covering 55% of the population. This places Nigeria 7th globally in terms of total internet users.
Broadband Access
Despite the large number of internet users, broadband fixed subscriptions are limited, with only 65,313 subscriptions in 2020, which is about 0.03 per 100 inhabitants.
Internet Country Code
The nation's internet presence is denoted by the country code “.ng”.
Nigeria's communications landscape is a tale of two worlds - the rapid embrace of mobile technology and the gradual development of fixed-line and broadband services. The country continues to make strides in enhancing its telecommunications infrastructure, with a focus on expanding mobile network capabilities, transitioning to advanced technologies like 5G, and improving broadband accessibility. This ongoing evolution highlights Nigeria's commitment to staying at the forefront of the global digital revolution.