Nigeria Insights is a work in progress. Please check back often for updates.
Overview
Transnational Issues

Transnational Issues

International Disputes

  • Nigeria-Benin: No significant disputes identified.
  • Nigeria-Cameroon
    • Joint Border Commission reviewed the 2002 International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling on the boundary.
    • Resolved differences through the 2006 Greentree Agreement, ceding the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon.
    • Ongoing efforts to finalize demarcation of the Bakassi Peninsula and adjacent border areas.
    • Addressing issues related to Lake Chad’s shrinking borders, with both Nigeria and Cameroon ratifying the delimitation treaty.
  • Nigeria-Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea:
    • The ICJ provided an equidistance settlement for the maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea.
    • Implementation delayed due to undefined coordinates and sovereignty disputes over an island at the Ntem River mouth.
  • Nigeria-Niger: No significant disputes identified.

Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons

  • Refugees (country of origin): 89,045 from Cameroon (2023).
  • Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs): 3,150,000 (2023).
    • Approximately 3.15 million IDPs in northeast Nigeria.
    • Displacement causes include Boko Haram attacks, counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria, communal violence, political unrest, flooding, forced evictions, cattle rustling, and resource competition.

Nigeria's transnational issues primarily revolve around border disputes and the management of refugees and internally displaced populations, reflecting the complex socio-political dynamics in the region.

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